First , i will tell you about Naggroe Aceh Darussalam
Description
Aceh is a special territory (daerah istimewa) of Indonesia, located on the northern tip of the island of Sumatra. Its full name is Naggroe Aceh Darussalam. It is thought to have been in Aceh where Islam was first established in Southeast Asia.In the early sevententh century the Sultanate of Aceh was the most wealthy, powerful and cultivated state in the Malacca Straits region. Aceh has a history of political independence and fierce resistance to control by outsiders, including the former Dutch colonists and the Indonesian goverment.
Aceh has substantial natural resources, including oil and gas - some estimates put Aceh gas reserves as being the largest in the world. Relatively, to most Indonesia, it is a religiously conservative area.
History
in the power of the sultan iskandar young meukuta mighty nature , aceh is of very rich and affluent . according to an explorer of french origin arrived at the time of triumph aceh in such times , power aceh reach the west coast minangkabau . power aceh again covering up to silver . a sultanate aceh 've connect with the kingdoms of the west in the 16th century , including england , ottoman empire , and the netherlands . a sultanate aceh involved the power struggle prolonged since early 16th century , first with portugal , and since the 18th century with great britain ( english ) and the netherlands . at the end of the 18th century , aceh forced to betray its territories over kedah and the areca on the malay peninsula to the united kingdom . in the 1824 , approval britania belanda signed , where great betray its territories over sumatra to the netherlands . the british colony aceh is claimed that they , though this is not true . in 1871 Britain allowed the Dutch to invade Aceh, possibly to prevent Francefrom gaining power in the region.
The Sultan of Aceh
- * 1528 Sultan Ali 1496-Mughayat Syah. Father than:
- * 1528-1537 Sultan Salahuddin. He instead:
- * 1537-1568 Alauddin al-Kahar. Father than:
- * 1568-1575 Husain Ali Riayat Shah Sultan. Father than:
- * 1575 Sultan Muda
- * 1575-1576 Sri Alam, Sultan. Alauddin al-Kahar exalting than
- * 1576-1577, Sultan Zainal Abidin 1576-1577. Alauddin al-Kahar grandson than
- * 1577-1589 Alauddin Mansur Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Mansur Shah I (Sultan of Perak 1549-1577). He Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Shah, Sultan of Perak Sultan
- * 1589-1596-1604 1596 Buyong
- * Sultan Alauddin Riayat Syah Sayyid al-Mukammil. Grandson (via son) of a brother of the father of 1st Sultan Ali Mughayat Syah and Father than:
- * 1604-1607 Ali Riayat Shah Sultan
- * 1590-December 27 1636 Iskandar Muda Johan Pahlawan Alam Meukuta. Grandchildren (from daughter) Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah
- * 1636-1641 Iskandar Thani Alauddin Mughayat Syah. Son of the Sultan of Pahang, Sultan Ahmad Shah II
- * 1641-1675 Sri queen safiatuddin tajul alam . daughter iskandar young johan hero meukuta alam and the widow of a sultan iskandar thani alauddin mughayat syah
- * 1675-1678 sri queen naqiatuddin nurul alam
- * 1678-1688 sri queen zaqiatuddin inayat syah
- *1688-1699 sri queen kamalat syah zinatuddin
- *1699-1702 sultan badrul alam sharif hashim jamaluddin
- * 1702-1703 sultan perkasa alam sharif lamtui
- * 1703-1726 sultan jamal jamal ul alam badrul munir
- * 1726 sultan jauhar jamal ul alam aminuddin
- * 1726-1727 sultan syamsul alam
- * 1727-1735 sultan alauddin ahmad syah
- * 1735-1760 sultan alauddin johan syah
- * 1750-1781 sultan mahmud syah
- * 1764-1785 sultan badruddin
- 1775-1781 Sultan Sulaiman Syah
- 1781-1795 Alauddin Muhammad Daud Syah
- 1795-1815 and 1818-1824 Sultan Alauddin Jauhar ul Alam
- 1815-1818 Sultan Syarif Saif ul Alam
- 1824-1838 Sultan Muhammad Syah
- 1838-1857 Sultan Sulaiman Syah
- 1857-1870 Sultan Mansur Syah
- 1870-1874 Sultan Mahmud Syah
- 1874-1903 Sultan Muhammad Daud Syah
Dr. Snouck Hurgronje, a scholar of Islam at the University of Leiden who had managed to gain the confidence of many Aceh leaders, and then provide advice to the Dutch that their attacks are directed to the clergy, not to the sultan. This suggestion it worked.
In 1898, J.B. Heutsz van expressed as a governor of Aceh, and with his lieutenant, Hendricus Colijn, seized most of Aceh. Sultan M. David finally meyerahkan themselves to the Dutch in 1903 after two of his wife, children and his mother was arrested first by the Dutch.
The Sultanate of Aceh finally fell completely in 1904. At that time, almost all of Aceh has taken the Netherlands. One important note on the war in Aceh is the deaths of four Dutch generals, Major General JHR Kohler, Major-General JLJH Pel, Demmeni and General J.J.K. De Moulin. Deaths of four generals Netherlands is the only event that ever experienced in the history of the Dutch kingdom in attacking other regions
The rise of nationalism
While the period of Dutch rule, the Acehnese began a cooperation with other regions in Indonesia and was involved in a variety of nationalist movements and politics. Aceh were increasingly involved in the Indonesian nationalist movement. When the People's Council (parliament) was formed, Teuku Nyak Arif was elected as the first of Aceh. (Nyak Arif then sworn in as governor of Aceh by the first governor of Sumatra, Moehammad Hasan). When Japan began to wage a war to expel European colonialists from Asia, Aceh fighters figures sent an envoy to Japan's war leaders to help businesses drive the Dutch from Aceh. Negotiations began in 1940. After several aborted landing plan, finally, on February 9, 1942 Japanese forces landed in the region Batee Ujong, Aceh Besar. Their arrival was greeted by leaders of Aceh fighters and the general public. The entry of Japan into Aceh to make the Dutch were expelled permanently from the land of Aceh. Japan initially be kind and respectful to the people and leaders in Aceh, and respect the beliefs and customs of Aceh's Islamic breath. People did not hesitate to assist and participate in development programs of Japan. But when the situation has improved, harassment of the Acehnese people, especially women began to be done by the Japanese army personnel. Acehnese who are Muslims were ordered to start bending toward the sun rises in the morning, a behavior that is contrary to Islamic theology. Hence came the Acehnese people's resistance against the Japanese in all areas of Aceh. The most famous example is the resistance led by Tengku Abdul Jalil, a scholar from the Bayu area, near Lhokseumawe.
Period of the Republic of Indonesia
Since 1976, the liberation organization called the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) have attempted to separate Aceh from Indonesia through military effort. On August 15, 2005, GAM and the Indonesian government finally signed a peace agreement that ended the conflict between two parties that have lasted for nearly 30 years. On December 26, 2004, a major earthquake caused a tsunami that struck much of the west coast of Aceh, including Banda Aceh, and causing the deaths of hundreds of thousands of lives. In addition, it has emerged the aspirations of some areas of NAD, particularly in the west, south and inland to separate themselves from provinis-NAD and form a new province.
Regional Administration Level II
Dati II administrative regions in Aceh
1.Administrative district of Aceh BaratWilayah Dati II in Aceh
2.Regency of Southwest Aceh
3.Aceh Besar district
4.Aceh Jaya district
5.South Aceh District
6.Singkil District
7.District of Aceh Tamiang
8.Central Aceh District
9.Southeast Aceh Regency
10.East Aceh District
11.North Aceh District
12.Bener Meriah regency
13.District Bireuen
14.Gayo Lues Regency
15.Nagan Raya District
16.Pidie
17.Simeulue District
18.City of Banda Aceh
19.Langsa
20.Lhokseumawe
21.city of Sabang
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